- DocumentASCE Forensic Engineering 9th Congress (2022) — Verhulst, Bosley and Donaldson, Nelson ForensicsHail & Storm Damage
Dating Hail: Determining When Hail Impact Damage Occurred
Forensic engineers' methods for dating hail damage on a building that has seen several storms — weathering of the impact site, oxidation, surrounding surfaces and storm data — which is exactly the…
Read / Download → - DocumentGAF Technical ServicesInstallation & Repair
GAF TAB-C 2015-31: Repairing Hail Damage to Granule-Surfaced Membranes
GAF's commercial technical advisory bulletin on hail that scours granules off a granule-surfaced membrane: what to inspect for, when coating the membrane is an acceptable repair, and the Diamond…
Read / Download → - DocumentNelson Architectural Engineers, Inc. (ASCE) — East, Lozos, Verhulst, DeLeon and AhujaHail & Storm Damage
Guidelines to Assess Hail Damage to Shingle Roofs
Engineers from Nelson Architectural Engineers set out a repeatable method for assessing hail damage on residential and commercial shingle roofs, covering the parameters that drive severity — age,…
Read / Download → - DocumentInterface (RCI, Inc.) — Lyle D. Hogan, PE, RRC, FRCIHail & Storm Damage
Manufactured Hail Damage: Telling Fraud From Storm Damage
A roof consultant's field guide to spotting deliberately fabricated hail damage — hammer strikes, dime-spinning, mandrel punctures — by what real ice cannot do to mineral granules, and by checking…
Read / Download → - DocumentInterface (RCI, Inc.) — Petty and Kasberg, EES Group, Inc.Hail & Storm Damage
Correlating Hail-Strike Bruises With Hailstone Size, Roof Pitch, and Storm Direction
A six-year field study of 729 residential hail-strike inspections by EES Group, correlating bruise counts against hailstone size, roof pitch and the elevation's orientation to the incoming storm.…
Read / Download → - DocumentJournal of the National Academy of Forensic Engineers — AzziHail & Storm Damage
Discerning Wind-Related Damage to Residential Roofs
A 2025 forensic engineering paper on separating genuine wind damage on residential roofs from installation defects, mechanical damage and age-related deterioration, aimed at making wind assessments…
Read / Download → - DocumentState Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance CompanyHail & Storm Damage
Evaluating Composition Shingles: State Farm Consumer Hail Brochure (560-2258-5)
State Farm's public-facing brochure showing homeowners what hail damage to composition shingles looks like versus weathering, blistering, foot traffic and manufacturing defects. It is also what a…
Read / Download → - DocumentASCE Forensic Engineering 9th Congress (2022) — Donaldson, DeLeon and Simpson, Nelson ForensicsHail & Storm Damage
Evaluating Interply Bitumen in Bituminous Membrane Samples for Hail Impact Distress
A forensic laboratory paper arguing that examining interply bitumen in built-up and modified-bitumen membrane samples reveals hail impact distress that surface inspection and standard delamination…
Read / Download → - DocumentInterface (RCI, Inc.), excerpted with permission from RICOWI — HerzogHail & Storm Damage
RICOWI Hailstorm Investigation Program: Dallas/Fort Worth, May 2011
Reports the second RICOWI hailstorm investigation, in which seven teams inspected more than 100 roof systems after the May 24, 2011 Dallas/Fort Worth storm to document how different roofing products…
Read / Download → - DocumentHaag EducationHail & Storm Damage
Haag Certified Inspector — Residential Roofs Course Workbook (2023)
The full 118-page workbook for Haag's residential roof inspector certification: hail formation and indications, wind characteristics, impact and wind testing, weather data sources, and…
Read / Download → - DocumentJournal of the National Academy of Forensic Engineers — Chad T. Williams, PEInstallation & Repair
Use of the Repairability Assessment Method for Evaluating Asphalt-Composition Shingle Roof Repairs
Chad Williams's peer-reviewed method for deciding whether an asphalt shingle roof can be repaired in place: a structured test of whether removing and replacing damaged shingles will itself damage the…
Read / Download →




